A 1999 article by James L. Pirkle and John T. Bernert entitled "Evaluation of Four Maternal Smoking Questions" used a survey method for research. The purpose of this paper is to examine this survey instrument with regards to its validity and reliability, as well as its appropriateness for...

Contraception over Abstinence Over the past decade sex has emerged as a prominent aspect of everyday life. Television shows, movies, magazines, newspapers, radio programs, movies and billboards are just the beginning of the list of items that throw sex at the public everyday. Let's face i...

Today abortion is a pretty simple and safe procedure when done by a trained medical personal during the first three months of pregnancy. Abortion is less safe when preformed after the 13th week of pregnancy. The usual surgical technique of abortion during the first trimester is to insert a metal ...

Now more than ever, both teenage pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases are at the forefront of social awareness. Because of this, now, more than ever, people should be viewing the effects of alcohol not just in terms of driving, but in terms of risky sexual behaviors as well. One suc...

In this article, there were several descriptive statistics examined. The survey that was used to collect the information asked not only yes/no questions, but also questions about more specific ideas, such as whether women who were not smoking now had smoked in the past and, if so, how much....

Embryo transfer is the process of taking fertilized embryos from one animal and inserting them into another. This is very useful today in cattle because now it is economically feasible and it allows the producer a greater number of offspring from one cow with desirable traits. The process normally s...

Test tube baby is the popular name for a baby resulting from in vitro fertilization (IVF). In vitro fertilization involves the fertilization of a human egg cell in a laboratory and the implantation of the embryo (fertilized egg) inside a woman's uterus (womb) for a normal pregnancy and birth. Some...

Abortion From 1973 to 1987, over 22 million abortions have been performed. Pro-lifers would call that a terrible waste of humanlife. True, 22 million lives were taken, but I believe that we are better off without those. Webster's dictionary defines abortion as "the expulsion of anonviable fetus." A...

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Over the past few years, cloning has become a very controversial topic. The American Medical Association (AMA) defines cloning as "the production of genetically identical organisms via somatic cell nuclear transfer" (Farnsworth). In simple terms, cloning is the method of producing a baby that has th...

Abortion was created to aid in certain situations in which a woman could not or did not want to give birth to a child and to care for the child. Abortion is a method in which the baby, still in the mother's womb, or the living embryo/fetus is killed. Abortions will be performed for many reasons if i...

The Moral Issue Of Abortion Abortion is the ending of pregnancy before birth and is morally wrong. An abortion results in the death of an embryo or a fetus. Abortion destroys the lives of helpless, innocent children and is illegal in many countries. By aborting these unborn infants, women are...

Abortion is one of the most debated topics of this century. They have been performed for years, legally and illegally, all for the sake of one thing... to end unwanted pregnancy. When does a fetus become a live human being, and what time does it feel the pain? Many opinions have been ...

ABORTION: Through 22 menstrual weeks (Florida presently does not require parental consent or notification) A. Early Medical/Chemical Abortions (1-7 weeks) B. Surgical Abortion - One fee through 14 weeks (end of 1st trimester) All procedures and fees include: 1. Lab Studies (blood & urine m...

Abortion is one of the most controversial issues discussed in today's society. This issue has caused a great deal of turmoil in the world. Some protestors have even killed other human beings over the issue. People's religion has had some input on this issue, but this should not be the only...

Fertility Drugs In today's modern society, your average family is very expensive. Now add oh, say, six more kids to that expense. Without corporate sponsorships, public aid, and donations, maintaining a livelihood with this size brood would be nearly impossible. So why do couples pay o...

Most of the clones don't even live to see their birth anyway. That's how it was in 1996 with Dolly, only one of the 277 copying attempts was succesful. Every other lab created embryo died in the Leihmutters womb/body or even in the Petrischale. In the meantime the procedures were improved, but even ...

SUBSTANCE USES AND PREGNANCY THE MULTIPLE WAYS OF DISSEMINATING INFORMATIONJanuary 1989 the results of a study conducted by Ann Pytkowicz Streissguth were published in the Journal of Developmental Psychology. The study investigated the relationship of maternal use of drugs...

Cloning: A Controversial DebateSince the beginning of time, man has been afraid of the unknown. The caveman was afraid of fire, Columbus feared falling off the edge of the earth, and modern man fears cloning.Fire has been a friend to man for thousands of years. Although ships are still lost at sea...

Just Say NoThe only way of dealing with the wonderful, mysterious and sometimes rather terrifying power of one's sexuality is simply to abstain from expressing it all. Abstinence is the only choice for teens; but they are getting a mixed message from the world. Ads, music, TV, and movies all seem ...

AbortionThe Worst Medical InventionAbortion is the deliberate termination of pregnancy by removal of the fetus from the womb. Under the topic of abortion there are two clear sides - pro or for. Personally I am 100% pro, because in my eyes abortion is the same as murder. Murder is defined as, The ...

Teen Pregnancy LensThe numbers of teenage pregnancy are very high but when you think about the numbers most could have been prevented with the use of protection. Some people may not afford condoms but if you cannot afford a condom you cannot afford a baby. Children from homes ran by teenage mother...